Mosquitoes are common nuisance insects whose bites cause immunologically mediated reactions. These reactions include small local, large local, and even systemic allergic reactions. Current diagnostic and treatment options are limited. This article reviews the clinical presentation, immunology, diagnosis, and treatment of mosquito allergy to provide a focused understanding of normal and pathologic responses to mosquito allergens and current evidence for diagnosis and treatment of mosquito allergy. We performed an Ovid MEDLINE search using the terms mosquito, Culicidae, allergy, and hypersensitivity limited to English-language, human studies. Articles whose title or abstract addressed these aspects of mosquito allergy were then retrieved for review. Backwards citation searching yielded additional relevant articles. More than 120 articles were found, and the most relevant references were selected for inclusion in this article.
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