Biomechanical effects of trees in an old‐growth temperate forest

?amonil Pavel; Daněk Pavel; Senecká Anna; Adam Du?an; Phillips Jonathan D.

摘要

Abstract >The role of biomechanical effects of trees (BETs) in ecosystem and landscape dynamics is poorly understood. In this study, we aim to (i) describe a widely applicable methodology for quantifying the main BETs in soil, and (ii) analyze the actual frequencies, areas and soil volumes associated with these effects in a mountain temperate old‐growth forest. > The research took place in the Boubínsky Primeval Forest in the Czech Republic; this forest reserve, predominated by <fc> <fi>Fagus sylvatica</fi> </fc> L. and <fc> <fi>Picea abies</fi> </fc> (L.) Karst., is among the oldest protected areas in Europe. We evaluated the effects of 4000 standing and lying trees in an area of 10.2?ha from the viewpoint of the following features: tree uprooting, root mounding, bioprotection, trunk baumsteins (rock fragments displaced by trunk growth), root baumsteins, stump hole infilling, trunk and root systems displacements, depressions formed after trunk fall, stemwash, and trunkwash. >BETs were recorded in 59% of standing and 51% of lying dead trees (excluding the pervasive soil displacement by thickening trunks and roots and the infilling of decayed stumps). Approximately one tenth of the trees showed simultaneous bioprotective and bioerosion effects. Different tree species and size categories exhibited significantly different biomechanical effects. > A bioprotective function was the most frequent phenomenon observed, while treethrows prevailed from the viewpoint of areas and soil volumes affected. The total area influenced by the BETs was 342?m 2 ?ha ?1 . An additional 774?m 2 ?ha ?1 were occupi </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span>None </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-22319/'>《Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第5期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共10页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=?amonil Pavel&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">?amonil Pavel;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Daněk Pavel&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Daněk Pavel;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Senecká Anna&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Senecká Anna;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Adam Du?an&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Adam Du?an;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Phillips Jonathan D.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Phillips Jonathan D.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Department of Forest EcologyThe Silva Tarouca Research InstituteBrno Czech Republic;</p> <p>Department of Forest EcologyThe Silva Tarouca Research InstituteBrno Czech Republic;</p> <p>Department of Forest EcologyThe Silva Tarouca Research InstituteBrno Czech Republic;</p> <p>Department of Forest EcologyThe Silva Tarouca Research InstituteBrno Czech Republic;</p> <p>Department of Forest EcologyThe Silva Tarouca Research InstituteBrno Czech Republic;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/163.html" title="地球物理学">地球物理学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=tree–soil interactions&option=203" rel="nofollow">tree–soil interactions;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=hillslope processes&option=203" rel="nofollow">hillslope processes;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=soil erosion&option=203" rel="nofollow">soil erosion;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=ecosystem engineering&option=203" rel="nofollow">ecosystem engineering;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=old‐growth temperate forest dynamics&option=203" rel="nofollow">old‐growth temperate forest dynamics;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=beech&option=203" rel="nofollow">beech;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Podzols&option=203" rel="nofollow">Podzols;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：树木相互作用;山坡工艺;土壤侵蚀;生态系统工程;旧增长温带森林动态;山毛榉;潮汐; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_journal-forestry-research_thesis/0201279998846.html">Similarity between seed rain and neighbouring mature tree communities in an old-growth temperate forest</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Yunyun Wang&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Yunyun Wang,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Jalene 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PRADEEP SINGH</a> <span> . 2016</span> </span> </div> </li> </ul> <ul style="display: none;"> <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06120114618458.html">一种基于GC-Forest的入侵检测方法</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 中国专利： CN114710326A </span> <span> . 2022-07-05</span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06120113065562.html">基于Random Forest神经网络的金融风险评估方法</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 中国专利： CN113112343A </span> <span> . 2021-07-13</span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>3. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130408797848.html">METHOD OF EXTRACTING AROMA CONSTITUENTS FROM WARM TEMPERATE ZONE FOREST TREE SPECIES AT OPTIMUM YIELD AND AROMA EXTRACT FROM WARM TEMPERATE ZONE FOREST TREE SPECIES MANUFACTURED BY SAME</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  KR20160137351A </span> <span> . 2016-11-30</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：从最佳产量的温带地带森林树种中提取香气成分的方法和从相同生产的温带地带森林树种中提取香气的方法。 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>4. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130411350677.html">METHOD FOR OPTIMALLY EXTRACTING AROMATIC COMPONENTS OF TREES IN WARM TEMPERATE FOREST AND AROMA EXTRACT OF TREES IN WARM TEMPERATE FOREST PRODUCED THEREBY</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  KR101658314B1 </span> <span> . 2016-09-20</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：最优温暖林中树木芳香成分的提取方法及由此产生的温温树林中树木芳香成分的提取方法。 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130416695263.html">perfume composition containing forest and warm temperate zone species of trees and manufacturing method the same</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  KR101395159B1 </span> <span> . 2014-05-30</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" 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