The interannual sea level variability in the Indian Ocean as simulated by an Ocean General Circulation Model

Deepa J. S.; Gnanaseelan C.; Kakatkar R.; Parekh A.; Chowdary J. S.

摘要

ABSTRACT >Limited coverage of tide gauge observations and limited length record of altimeter observations remain inadequate for the Indian Ocean sea level variability studies especially for longer periods. This study takes advantage of Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) simulations and ocean reanalysis to explore the interannual variability of sea level in the Indian Ocean. The model simulated sea level anomalies display good correlation with altimetry and reanalysis products. This consistency in model simulations with observations and reanalysis highlights the potential use of this OGCM in understanding the sea level variability. Analysis reveals that co‐occurrence years (years when Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Ni?o events co‐occur) contribute significantly towards the interannual variability in the Indian Ocean compared to pure IOD or El Ni?o events, and are characterized by persistent generation of open ocean downwelling, with maximum signals in the 10° to 5°S region. The OGCM experiments are carried out by modulating the forcing fields over the Pacific and the Indian Ocean to understand the physical mechanisms causing sea level variability. The experiments suggest that the remote forcing from the Pacific Ocean via Indonesian ThroughFlow (ITF) induce significant sea level changes in the southern Indian Ocean only with variability mostly in the decadal time scales and the northern and equatorial Indian Ocean are not affected by ITF. This study also shows that El Ni?o and IOD‐induced variations in zonal wind stress and wind stress curl mainly contribute the interannual sea level variations in the Indian Ocean. The forcing associated with the co‐occurrence years are multi‐phased with coastal and open ocean forcing. Whereas the pure IOD and El Nino forcing is mainly found only over the open ocean. The decadal variability in the ENSO is primar </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span>None </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-21026/'>《International Journal of Climatology: A Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第3期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共13页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Deepa J. S.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Deepa J. S.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Gnanaseelan C.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Gnanaseelan C.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Kakatkar R.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Kakatkar R.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Parekh A.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Parekh A.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Chowdary J. S.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Chowdary J. S.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Climate Variability and Data Assimilation ResearchIndian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyPune India;</p> <p>Climate Variability and Data Assimilation ResearchIndian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyPune India;</p> <p>Climate Variability and Data Assimilation ResearchIndian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyPune India;</p> <p>Climate Variability and Data Assimilation ResearchIndian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyPune India;</p> <p>Climate Variability and Data Assimilation ResearchIndian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyPune India;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1232.html" title="气候学">气候学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=sea level variability&option=203" rel="nofollow">sea level variability;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=El Ni?o&option=203" rel="nofollow">El Ni?o;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Indian Ocean Dipole&option=203" rel="nofollow">Indian Ocean Dipole;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=OGCM&option=203" rel="nofollow">OGCM;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：海平面变异性;El Ni？O;印度洋偶极子;OGCM; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon" id="literaturereference" style="display:none"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent111">引文网络</h3> <div class="referencetab clearfix"> <ul id="referencedaohang"> <li dataid="referenceul">参考文献</li> <li dataid="citationul">引证文献</li> <li dataid="commonreferenceul">共引文献</li> <li dataid="commoncitationul">同被引文献</li> <li dataid="tworeferenceul">二级参考文献</li> <li dataid="twocitationul">二级引证文献</li> </ul> </div> <div class="reference_details" id="referenceList"> <ul id="referenceul"></ul> <ul id="citationul"></ul> <ul id="commonreferenceul"></ul> <ul id="commoncitationul"></ul> <ul id="tworeferenceul"></ul> <ul id="twocitationul"></ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" 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