Ultrasmall optical sensors for cellular measurements

摘要

In the biomedical sciences, the greatest advances in the last two decades have been inspired by the genome project. What comes after deciphering file genetic code? Certainly, one next step is understanding the biochemistry driven by the gene, from the cellular nucleus to its organelles, cytoplasm, and beyond. One important goat is to follow in real time the chemical kinetics and dynamics of the living cell, much of which involves small ions and molecules.