Evaluation of the Relationship Between Partial Edentulism and TMJ Disorders

摘要

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are defined as clinical problems that affect the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the related structures or both. Since the teeth are one of the most important components of the masticatory system and have a close relationship with muscles and TMJ they can induce changes in these components. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of TMD in patients with partial edentulism and compare it with subjects with complete dentition. The present study was carried out on 100 subjects with partial edentulism with a free end (case group) and 100 subjects with complete dentition (control group). Data were collected with the use of Fonseca questionnaire and extraoral and intraoral clinical examinations. In the case group, 58% of the subjects exhibited the minimum degree of TMD, which was significantly different from the control group (P<0.03). Clicking was the most prevalent problem of TMJ in both groups and the TMD manifestations increased with a decrease in the occlusal support areas based on Eichner index; the relationship between TMD severity and Eichner index was significant (P<0.02). The results of the present study showed that partial edentulism is an important etiologic factor for TMJ disorders. Therefore, it is suggested that proper guidelines be provided for patients in order to replace lost teeth and create a stable occlusion.