The Transition State of Thermal Organic Reactions: Direct Observation in Real Time

摘要

The motion of atoms during chemical reactions occurs on the femtosecond time scale, and only with this resolution can the transition state be frozen in time. Numerous examples of femtochemistry studies have been reported for reactions on excited surfaces and in all phases of matter (see, for example, recent references [1] and [2]). Combining the femtosecond time resolution and negative-ion-beam techniques provides a unique way to study the nuclear motions of neutral molecules in the electronic ground state, and this has been successful for Ag_3 and Ag_4.