Lightweight and prefabricated construction as a path to energy efficient buildings: thermal design and execution challenges

摘要

Massive construction solutions have always been associated with better thermal performance and more suited to easily comply with different performance and construction code criteria. However, lightweight construction systems have the potential to achieve clear benefits over traditional heavyweight construction. Two case studies were presented, combining lightweight construction systems and passive house concept, with the goals of energy efficiency and thermal comfort. The results highlight the advantages both from an economical and environmental perspective. Some drawbacks of lightweight building solutions have been pointed out: low thermal inertia, overheating, airtightness, thermal bridging, moisture transfer, shading control, etc. A new wall solution incorporating phase change materials was tested and thermally characterised. This solution could be applied in lightweight constructions, enhancing their energy efficiency and thermal inertia, further promoting the sustainability of these building solutions. All these issues have been addressable in the design stage and considered in the latest developments on lightweight construction systems.