We propose an optical single-channel color image cryptosystem based on vector decomposition and threedimensional (3D) chaotic maps. In the proposed cryptosystem, the color image is first decomposed into R, G, and B channels, and then the three channels are individually scrambled by a generalized Arnold transform. Subsequently, the scrambled channels are phase encoded and then synthesized into one vector. The synthesized vector is used as the input image of the double random phase encoding (DRPE) in the gyrator domain. The introduction of the vector decomposition enables the cryptosystem to realize single-channel color image encryption, and the first phase mask of DRPE acts as the main secret key when the input image is a non-negative amplitude-only map. In addition, the phase masks of DRPE are generated by a 3D logistic map, which can facilitate the update, management, and transmission of the phase keys. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed cryptosystem is robust against various attacks and outperforms the other relevant cryptosystems. Furthermore, the proposed cryptosystem can be directly extended to encrypt multiple color images. (C) 2018 Optical Society of America
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