A Breathing Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization: Fully Oxygen-Tolerant Polymerization Inspired by Aerobic Respiration of Cells

摘要

The first well-controlled aqueous atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) conducted in the open air is reported. This air-tolerant ATRP was enabled by the continuous conversion of oxygen to carbon dioxide catalyzed by glucose oxidase (GOx), in the presence of glucose and sodium pyruvate as sequential sacrificial substrates. Controlled polymerization using initiators for continuous activator regeneration (ICAR) ATRP of oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA, M-n = 500) yielded polymers with low dispersity (1.09 = (SIC) = 1.29) and molecular weights (MWs) close to theoretical values in the presence of pyruvate. Without added pyruvates, lower MWs were observed due to generation of new chains by H2O2 formed by reaction of O-2 with GOx. Successful chain extension of POEOMA(500) macroinitiator with OEOMA(300) ((SIC) = 1.3) and Bovine Serum Albumin bioconju-gates ((SIC) = 1.22) confirmed a well-controlled polymerization. The reactions in the open air in larger scale (25 mL) were also successful.