Pigment analysis of palm leaf manuscripts of India

摘要

The primary aim of this study is to scientifically examine major pigments and binders used in Indian palm leaf manuscripts. The colours in four painted palm leaf manuscripts (18th-19th century CE) were observed using a digital microscope and SEM-EDX. Analytical studies showed that the colours were prepared using traditional Indian techniques by mixing primary pigments like black, red, white, yellow, blue and green with locally available gum or adhesive. The prominent appearance of black or brown stains, discolouration and insect activity were the major causes for making the leaves brittle and unstable. The identification of pigments also provided rich source of information about the composition and development of painting traditions on palm leaf in Indias southern and eastern parts. Laboratory studies also revealed the use of mineral as colourant for Indian palm leaf illustrations.