Purification and Characterization of a Polyextremophilic α-Amylase from an Obligate Halophilic Aspergillus penicillioides Isolate and Its Potential for Souse with Detergents

摘要

An extracellular α-amylase from the obligate halophilic Aspergillus penicillioides TISTR3639 strain was produced and enriched to apparent homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and Sephadex G100 gel fiitration column chromatography. The mass of the purified amylase was estimated to be 42kDa by SDS-PAGE. With soluble starch as the substrate it had a specific activity of 118.42 U·mg~(-1) and V_(max)and K_m values of 1.05μmol·min~(-1) ·mg~(-1) and 5.41mg·mL~(-1) , respectively. The enzyme was found to have certain polyextremophilic characteristics, with an optimum activity at pH 9, 80°C, and 300 g·L~(-1) NaCl. The addition of CaCl_2 at 2mM was found to slightly enhance the amylase activity, while ZnCl_2, FeCl_2, or EDTA at 2 mM was strongly or moderately inhibitory, respectively, suggesting the requirement for a (non-Fe~(2+) or Zn ) divalent cation. The enzyme retained more than 80% of its activity when incubated with three different laundry detergents and had a better performance compared to a commercial amylase and three detergents in the presence of increasing NaCl concentrations up to 300 g·L~(-1) . Accordingly, it has a good potential for use as an a-amylase in a low water activity (high salt concentration) and at high pH and temperatures.