Improving the effectiveness of milk production in farms in the Leningradskaya oblast'. Marketing of milk products and price policy

摘要

Milk and milk product marketing in the Leningradskaya oblast', Russia is examined. In 1998, 373 900 t of milk was sold and processed within the oblast', of which 322 900 t was sold and processed in Saint Petersburg and the surrounding area, and theremainder in outlying districts. 47.3% of milk was purchased and processed by the 2 major dairy factories of the oblast', AO 'Petmol' and AO 'Piskarevskii'. Reference is made to the continued profitability of small-scale processing of milk by dairy farms. Producer, wholesale and retail prices of milk in the oblast' are described for 1999, as are percentages of Premium, Class 1, Class 2 and unclassed milks produced in the oblast' during 1998 and 1999. The significant regional variations in payments madefor milk of the same class are examined, as is the significant increase in milk quality between 1998 and 1999. It is stated that average milk yields of 4000-5000 kg/cow per year are required for profitable milk production.