Heat-transfer analysis of various ladle refractory linings

摘要

When bricks containing carbon are applied to thewear lining of furnaces, shell deformation and temperature dropmolten steel are obvious problems because of the higher thermalconductivity of the bricks. Although there were possible answersto these problems in the past, they are not applicable now. Oneexample of FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis was a ladlefurnace. The temperature of the steel in the ladle which had lowerthermal conductivity bricks in wear lining (called lower thermalconductivity ladle below) was compared to that which hadinsulating bricks in safety lining (called insulated ladle below).Calculations included actual operating conditions as much aspossible, except for the arch heating operation by which themolten steel was heated up. The lining mechanism which reducedthe molten steel temperature drop and the elevated shelltemperature of the lower thermal conductivity ladle was differentfrom that of the insulated ladle. The heat stored in the formerladle and that radiated through the shell of the latter ladle must becontrolled. The insulated ladle must have poor corrosionresistance because of the higher lining temperature, so the lowerthermal conductivity ladle must be better in this respect. Thisaspect suggests that the lower thermal conductivity ladle will be very useful.