Perspective of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Phytoremediation on Contamination and Remediation Heavy Metals Soil in Sustainable Agriculture

摘要

The development of modern agriculture has led to increased soils contaminated with heavy metal that is major concern global for sustainable agriculture. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Mycorrhizae are indigenous to soil and plant rhizosphere and potential tools for sustainable agriculture. They enhance the growth of a root system and even of an entire plant and often control certain plant pathogens. It is a fascinating subject, multidisciplinary in nature and concerns scientists involved in plant healthand plant protection. There have been marked advances in this field during the last few decades. Mycorrhizal fungi improve plant vigor and soil quality by using the greater surface area. They play a crucial role in plant nutrient uptake, water relations, ecosystem establishment, plant diversity and the productivity of plants. This review summarizes research carried out on role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in phytoremediation of contamination and remediation heavy metals soil in sustainable agriculture. In addition, mycorrhizal fungi were found to play an important role in heavy metal detoxification and the establishment of vegetation in strongly polluted areas. The effectiveness of the bioremediation techniques depends on the appropriate selectionof both the plant and the fungal partners in sustainable agriculture. Symbiotic partners selected on the basis of such research are often the best choice for future phytoremediation technologies in sustainable agriculture. Moreover, mycorrhizas of different types are also helpful in eradicating heavy metals soil toxicity monitoring.