Confined modes in two-dimensional tubes

摘要

We survey various numerical methods for finding solutions of quantum confined states. We especially consider states in two-dimensional (2D) tubes, or 2D surfaces that are confined in the transverse direction but are unconfined in the longitudinal direction. We first review existence proofs for bound states in long 2-D tubes. We then review various methods for finding such states and we discuss the significance of these eigenstates.