The effects of extended use of fertilizers on the chemical and microbiological properties of dernopodzolic soil.

摘要

The extended use of naturally acidic mineral fertilizers (NH4NO3, KCl and double superphosphates) on dernopodzolic medium loam soil was investigated between 1950 and 1991 in Moscow, Russia. A crop rotation consisting of the following was used: silage maize, barley, downy spring vetch [Vicia villosa]-oat mixture for green feed, and winter rye. Extended use of acidic fertilizers had negative effects on soil quality: soil acidity increased, contents of mobile Al increased, cellulolytic activity decreased, total number of amino acids decreased, and rate of CO2 emission decreased. Soil quality was subsequently restored by application of balanced mineral fertilizers (N, K, P, NK, PK, NP or NPK) and manures against a background of periodic liming (in 1955, 1961, 1969, 1976 and 1987), with the use of P fertilizers supporting a greater variety of soil fungi. The number and variety of Actinomycetales increased with liming of soil.