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'Panic': The impact of Le Bon's crowd psychology on US military thought

机译:“恐慌”:Le Bon人群心理对美国军事思想的影响

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The controversial crowd psychology of Gustave Le Bon has been both praised as an incisive contribution to social theory and also condemned as a doctrine of irrationality and mass manipulation associated with fascism. New archival documentation now demonstrates that Le Bon exercised significant influence on U.S. military thinking and practice through World War II. Army writings and officer training on morale, leadership, and battlefield psychology rested substantially on his theory of crowds, particularly regarding races and panic. Le Bon's racial psychology took on additional importance when the African-American 92nd Infantry Division panicked during combat in Italy. This new evidence offers an excellent case study of the direct and enduring impact of a peculiar type of social psychology on the institutional culture of the army from the classrooms at the Army War College to the battlefield itself. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译:Gustave Le Bon的有争议的人群心理学都被称赞为对社会理论的策略贡献,也被谴责为与法西斯主义相关的非理性和大规模操纵的教义。 新档案文件现在展示了Le Bon通过第二次世界大战对美国进行了重大影响。 陆军着作和士兵士兵培训,基本上依赖于他的人群理论,特别是关于种族和恐慌。 当在意大利战斗期间恐慌期间,当时非洲裔美国第92个步兵部门陷入困境时,Le Bon的种族心理学促进了额外的重要性。 这一新证据提供了一个很好的案例研究,对一类奇特类型的社会心理学对军队从军队战争学院课堂的体制文化到战场本身的直接和持久的影响。 (c)2007 Wiley期刊,Inc。

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