Quantitative dynamic analysis of the nasolabial complex using 3D motion capture: A normative data set

摘要

IntroductionSmile reanimation should be considered from a dynamic perspective. Any intervention should restore normality. To date no such normative dynamic data has been published. AimTo quantitatively analyse maximal smiles between a healthy group of Caucasian male and female adults using 3D motion capture (4D stereophotogrammetry). MethodUsing a 3D facial motion capture system 54 males and 54 female volunteers were imaged whilst performing a maximal smile. Eight nasolabial landmarks were digitised and tracked. Differences in displacement and speed of bilateral landmarks between males and females were analysed in each direction (x, y, zand Euclidian), from rest (T0), to median smile (T1) and maximal smile (T2), using pairedt-tests and Wilcoxon-Signed Rank tests. ResultsIn males and females the displacement and speed of the left and right alar base landmarks were similar in thexandydirections but less in thezdirection. For the philtrum, the displacement and speed of the bilateral landmarks were similar in theyandzdirections, but less in thexdirection. The left alar base and left philtrum moved significantly more in males. Left and right cheilion moved a similar amount in thexandydirections but more in thezdirection. Labiale superius moved significantly more in thezdirection, and labiale inferius moved significantly more in theydirection in males.In conclusion, this study has presented a novel normative data set of dynamic nasolabial complex movement for males and females during maximum smile. The data, as well as providing magnitudes of displacements of the nasolabial complex, also provides the speeds of movement.