Facial synkinesis outcome measures: A systematic review of the available grading systems and a Delphi study to identify the steps towards a consensus

摘要

Introduction: Facial synkinesis is characterised by abnormal and unintentional co-contractions of facial muscles caused by aberrant facial nerve healing, usually as a sequalae of facial palsy. The aim of this project is to propose a consensus for reporting this condition in the literature to facilitate the conduction of primary and secondary evidence studies, considering that no previous research has inquired in to this matter.