The history of alcoholic fetopathies. 1997.

摘要

The effects of parental alcoholism on offspring outcome have been known since antiquity. Aristotle, Plutarch, and Diogenes describe it, and until the 19th century physicians continued to confirm these impressions. It is likely that they were doing so based on precise observations. Unfortunately, two errors have persisted throughout time. Curiously, very often, paternal alcoholism was blamed, undoubtedly because it is more evident and more easily admitted, whereas maternal alcoholism is considered shameful and voluntarily hidden.