Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Increases Soil Availability and Uptake of Phosphorus and Yield in Gram (Cicer arietium) and Indian Bean (Dolichos lablab)

摘要

Three native isolates of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PEN) and three exotic isolates (PBA from Anand, Gujarat) of Bacillus coagulans were used to increase yields in cv GJ-2 of gram (Cicer arietinum L) and in cv. Gujarat wal-1 of Indian bean (Dolichos lablab L). The experiments were conducted during rabi 2001, 2002 and 2003 in a randomized block design with three replications at Navsari in south Gujarat. PSB cultures were applied as seed treatment @ 30 g culture/kg seed containing 10s cfu/g by making slurry in jaggery, dried under shade and then sown in the field. Significantly higher yields were recorded with PBN-1 (975 kg/ha) in gram and PBN-2 (1178 kg/ha) in Indian bean. Average initial available soil phosphorus status was 51-59 kg/ha in the experimental r)jots. At the time of harvest, increases in the available soil P_2O_5 were recorded in PBA-16 (122 kg/h), PBA-4 (111 kg/Jia) and PBN-1 (94 kg/ha) plots sown with treated seeds gram. Similarly, in plots sown with treated seeds of Indian beanPBN-1 increased the soil availability of P. Phosphorus uptake was high in gram seeds treated with PEN-A (0.15%) and PBA-16 (0.13%) and PBN-1 (0.12%), and Indian bean treated with PBN-2 (0.12%) and PBA-16 (0.12%). The cost benefit ratio (CBR) was 1:48 inPBN-1 treated gram and 1:36 in PBN-2 treated Indian bean. An increased availability of P in soil persisted in the ensuing season even without using any treatment with phosphate solubilizing bacteria.