A Simple Method for Design of Distributed Wastewater Treatment Systems with Multiple Contaminants

摘要

Water scarcity and stricter environmental regulations have pushed forward the researches in wastewater minimization. Being an effective technology for saving freshwater and reducing wastewater, water process integration has become the research focus recently. In water-using network design, it is necessary to allocate water streams in each water-using unit reasonably so as to maximize water-reusing and minimize wastewater discharge. In 1980, Takama et al. presented a seminal article on water network design by using superstructure optimization approach. However, the research on water networks was not active until 1994, when Wang and Smith proposed the approach of water-pinch analysis. Since then, many methods have been proposed for design and targeting of water networks. From the point of view of the number of contaminants, the systems investigated include single contaminant systems and multiple contaminant systems. Three review articles on water networks were also published recently.