Effects of Antipsychotic Medication on Brain Structure in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder and Psychotic Features Neuroimaging Findings in the Context of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

摘要

Question Using a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design, what is the association of olanzapine vs placebo with change in brain structure in humans? Findings In this prespecified secondary analysis imaging study embedded in a clinical trial in people with remitted psychotic depression, olanzapine exposure vs placebo was associated with decline in cortical thickness. However, illness relapse while receiving placebo was potentially associated with a decline in cortical thickness. Meaning Our findings could support a reconsideration of the risks and benefits of antipsychotics and support differential effects on brain structure in those who stay well receiving placebo vs those who relapse.