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Networks and Institutions in Natural Resource Management

机译:自然资源管理中的网络和机构

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Edited by Yvonne Rydin and Eva Falleth, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., Cheltenham, UK, 2006, pp. xi, 248 Numerous institutional designs for managing natural resources have been implemented and attempted throughout the world to achieve sustainable management of especially common pool resources or public goods. Networks and Institutions in Natural Resource Management, edited by Yvonne Rydin and Eva Falleth, reports on the results of original fieldwork focusing on how networks and institutions in natural resource management (NRM) work in practice. The starting point for the research is the increasingly fragmented institutional setting for NRM and natural resource planning. With fragmentation (a high number of participants involved in NRM, each with their own agenda, preferences, norms, and working routines) arises a need for collective action (the setting of rules for individual use of natural resources). Without such collective action, free-riding can become a problem as long as resources are common pool or public goods. How can such collective action be enabled? A possible answer, analyzed in this book, is networking. To examine all of these concepts, the book presents nine case studies: three in Norway; three in England; and one each in Sweden, Spain, and Zimbabwe. The collaborative research framework presented in the book is said to be based on an institutionalist approach, in which two elements are identified as central: network analysis and attention to the norms, values, routines, and everyday working practices of those within networks. The book states that the concepts of institutions, networks, social capital (bonding: intercommunity ties; bridging: horizontal ties; and bracing: both vertical and horizontal ties within a delimited set of actors), and institutional capacity (particularly the role of knowledge resources) will be used "to investigate how collective action over natural resource management is fostered (or not) in situations of fragmentation" (p. 32). The emphasis on both the formal and the informal within institutionalism is mentioned as a strength. The components of the network analysis (social capital and institutional capacity) seem to receive more attention than the formal side. As a result, with the formal side of institutionalism less visible at times, the definition of institutions becomes a bit uncertain and unclear as the book progresses.
机译:由Yvonne Rydin和Eva Falleth编辑,Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.,英国切尔滕纳姆,2006年,第xi页,248在世界范围内已经实施并尝试了许多用于管理自然资源的机构设计,以实现对特别是公共水池资源或自然资源的可持续管理。公共物品。由Yvonne Rydin和Eva Falleth编辑的自然资源管理中的网络和机构,报告了原始田野调查的结果,重点是自然资源管理(NRM)中的网络和机构在实践中的工作方式。研究的出发点是NRM和自然资源规划的机构设置越来越分散。随着分散化(大量参与NRM的参与者,每个参与者都有自己的议程,偏好,规范和工作程序),需要采取集体行动(为自然资源的个人使用制定规则)。没有这种集体行动,只要资源是公共资源或公共物品,搭便车就会成为问题。如何采取这种集体行动?本书分析了一个可能的答案,那就是网络。为了检验所有这些概念,本书提出了九个案例研究:挪威三个;在英格兰三个在瑞典,西班牙和津巴布韦各一个。本书中提出的协作研究框架据说是基于一种制度主义的方法,其中两个要素被确定为核心要素:网络分析以及对网络中那些准则,价值,惯例和日常工作实践的关注。该书指出,制度,网络,社会资本的概念(结合:社区间的联系;桥接:横向的联系;以及支撑:一组行为者内部的纵向和横向的联系),以及机构的能力(尤其是知识资源的作用) )将用于“研究在分散的情况下如何促进(或不促进)对自然资源管理的集体行动”(第32页)。提到对制度主义内部正式和非正式的强调是一种优势。网络分析的组成部分(社会资本和机构能力)似乎比正式方面受到更多关注。结果,随着制度主义形式化方面的不时可见,随着本书的发展,制度的定义变得有些不确定和不清楚。

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