Effect of Mineral, Organic and Bio- Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Bread Wheat at Siwa Oasis

摘要

Two field experiments were conducted at El-Hag Ali region at west Siwa, Siwa Oasis, Matrouh governorate, during 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 growing seasons. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of mineral, organic, and bio-fertilizeron yield and yield components of bread wheat to improve wheat productivity and minimizing pollution.The study included three levels of organic fertilizer (10, 15, 20 m'/fed of organic manure), two regimes of bio-fertilizer, (without bio-fertilizer and bio-fertilized with Microbein as Pseudomonas sp., Azotobacter sp., Azospiirillum sp., and B.megaterium), and two levels of mineral fertilize^ 100% and 50% of recommended NPK fertilization levels) .Grain yield and its components i.e. plant height, number of tillers/m2, number of spikes/m2, number of spikelets /spike, number of grains/ spike, 1000 grain weight, straw and grain yields were significantly increased by adding bio- fertilizer compared to control in both seasons, respectively. The adding of mineral fertilizer at the rate 100 % of recommended dose of NPK mineral fertilizer and 20 m3 /fed organicmanure fertilizer resulted in significant increment in grain yield, plant height (cm), 1000 grain weight (g), number of spikes/m2, number of tillers/m2,number of spikelets/spike, and straw yield compared with rate 50% of recommended dose of NPK mineralfertilizer and the other two levels of organic fertilizer in both seasons.The second order interaction between mineral, organic, and bio-fertilizer was significant for all characters under study in the first and second seasons, respectively.The highest grain yield was obtained by using rate 100% NPK mineral fertilizer, 20 m3/fed organic manure with adding bio-fertilizer in the first and second season, respectively.