Charaketerisierung der Leistungsfahigkeit von ANFO- und Emulsionssprengstoffen mit Hilfe von groben Zylinderexpansionsversuchen

摘要

Work Capacity of ANFO and Gassed Bulk Emulsion Explosives from Large Size Cylinder Expansion Tests. Cylinder expansion tests have been made in order to measure the working capacity of commercial explosives under standardized but realistic conditions. Copper tubes, PHI 110/100 mm diameter, filled with ANFO or bulk emulsion explosives were detonated, the VOD and the tube wall expansion measured. From this the work capacity in terms of the Gurney energy EG, i.e. kinetic energy of tube and explosive gases, was calculated. Pure ANFO gave values of 1.6-1.9 MJ/kg, aluminised ANFO 2.5 MJ/kg and bulk emulsion 1.5-2.3 MJ/kg depending on the density. The explosive energy transfer is basically over at a volume expansion ration of 5-10, but the aluminised ANFO keeps doing work much longer. Compared with their explosion energies however, the ANFO explosives transferred only 40-50 percent of the available energy but the emulsion 60-70 percent at normal densities. At densities above 1200 kg/m~3, the VOD of the emulsions tends to drop off but the work capacity continues to increase. It is best described as a linearly increasing conditions than the underwater test. It stops doing work at a relevant expansion ratio of the blast fumes and it has a reasonable balance between the different energies that accompany the blasting process. It can cope with charge sizes that are relevant for commercial explosives.