A Review on the Recent Advances in the Reductions of Carbon-Carbon/Oxygen Multiple Bonds Including Aromatic Rings Using Raney Ni-Al Alloy or Al Powder in the Presence of Noble Metal Catalysts in Water

摘要

Over the past few years, heterogeneous catalysts have attracted much attention with a view to lowering reaction temperatures and improving the selectivity of many organic syntheses. When it comes to designing or optimizing a catalyst, a lot of attention is needed to be devoted to the nature of the active sites and how they interact with the reactants, intermediates and products of the catalytic process. To this end, Raney Ni-Al alloy and noble metal catalysts such as Ru/C, Rh/C, Pd/C and Pt/C turn out to be very effective in both selective and complete reductions of various functional groups as well as aromatic rings in water. Moreover, Al powder coupled with a noble metal catalyst has been found to be capable of reducing carbonyl group, an alkyne moiety and also the aromatic rings of biphenyl, fluorene, 9,10-dihydroanthracene, polyarenes and N-heterocycles in water under mild reaction conditions. So this review offers an overview on the most recent developments especially in this particular methodology.