Heat transfer and phase transitions of water in multi-layer cryolithozone-surface systems

摘要

A mathematical model for calculating the distribution of temperature and the dynamics of the phase transformations of water in multilayer systems on permafrost-zone surface is proposed. The model allows one to perform calculations in the annual cycle, taking into account the distribution of temperature on the surface in warm and cold seasons. A system involving four layers, a snow or land cover, a top layer of soil, a layer of thermal-insulation material, and a mineral soil, is analyzed. The calculations by the model allow one to choose the optimal thickness and composition of the layers which would ensure the stability of structures built on the permafrost-zone surface.