Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010

摘要

INTRODUCTION The term 'pneumothorax' was first coined by Itard and then Laennec in 1803 and 1819 respectively, and refers to air in the pleural cavity (ie, interspersed between the lung and the chest wall). At that time, most cases of pneumothorax were secondary to tuberculosis, although some were recognised as occurring in otherwise healthy patients ('pneumothorax simple'). This classification has endured subsequently, with the first modern description of pneumothorax occurring in healthy people (primary spontaneous pneumothorax, PSP) being that of Kjasrgaard in 1932. It is a significant global health problem, with a reported incidence of 18-28/100000 cases per annum for men and 1.2-6/100000 for women.