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Relative Effects of Forward and Backward Planning on Goal Pursuit

机译:对目标追求前后规划的相对影响

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Considerable research has shown that planning plays an important role in goal pursuit. But how does the way people plan affect goal pursuit? Research on this question is scarce. In the current research, we examined how planning the steps required for goal attainment in chronological order (i.e., forward planning) and reverse chronological order (i.e., backward planning) influences individuals' motivation for and perceptions of goal pursuit. Compared with forward planning, backward planning not only led to greater motivation, higher goal expectancy, and less time pressure but also resulted in better goal-relevant performance. We further demonstrated that this motivational effect occurred because backward planning allowed people to think of tasks required to reach their goals more clearly, especially when goals were complex to plan. These findings suggest that the way people plan matters just as much as whether or not they plan.
机译:相当大的研究表明,规划在目标追求中发挥着重要作用。 但人们计划如何影响目标追求的方式如何? 关于这个问题的研究是稀缺的。 在目前的研究中,我们研究了规划目标绩效规划所需的步骤(即,前瞻性规划)和反向时间顺序(即,后向规划)影响个人的动机和对目标追求的看法。 与前瞻性规划相比,落后规划不仅导致了更大的动机,较高的目标期望率,更少的时间压力,而且导致了更好的目标相关性能。 我们进一步证明了这种激励效应发生,因为落后计划允许人们更清楚地了解所需的任务,特别是当目标是计划的复杂时。 这些调查结果表明,人们计划的方式与他们是否计划一样重要。

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