A comparison of ray tracing and view factor simulations of locally resolved rear irradiance with the experimental values

摘要

Abstract > One of the prerequisites for a reliable energy yield prediction of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) systems is the capability of modeling the backside irradiance of those systems with high accuracy. Currently, the most important optical models used to quantify the reflected irradiance on the backside of a bifacial solar panel are view factor and ray tracing. The MoBiDiG simulation tool has been developed at ISC Konstanz uses the view factor (VF) concept to model the rear irradiance. In addition to the VF concept, ray tracing (RT) has been adopted to determine the backside irradiance of bifacial modules by using the open‐source tool bifacial_radiance that has been developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). A customized monocrystalline silicon solar panel has been built in order to evaluate the accuracy of the existing optical models by locally resolved rear irradiance measurement. The performance of rear irradiance has been investigated along the rows of the customized PV module during sunny and cloudy days with typical back irradiance values of <mat:math display="inline" altimg="urn:x-wiley:pip:media:pip3261:pip3261-math-0001" wiley:location="equation/pip3261-math-0001.png"> <mat:mo>≈</mat:mo> </mat:math> ?50 and <mat:math display="inline" altimg="urn:x-wiley:pip:media:pip3261:pip3261-math-0002" wiley:location="equation/pip3261-math-0002.png"> <mat:mo>≈</mat:mo> <mat:mn>150</mat:mn> <mat:mspace width="1em"/> <mat:mi mathvariant="normal">W</mat:mi> <mat:mo stretchy="false">/</mat:mo> <mat:msup> <mat:mrow> <mat:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mat:mi> </mat:mrow> <mat:mrow> <mat:mn>2</mat:mn> </mat:mrow> </mat:msup> </mat:math> . The comparison of measured and modeled data has been carried out on hourly, daily, and monthly basis, and the results show lower deviations for solar cells located in the center of the PV module than on the edge. Moreover, the concept of decisive solar cells has been introduced and applied to both measured and modeled data, solar cells located in the center rows were found to act as the most decisive solar cells. Finally, considering the installation configuration studied here, ie, bifacial mounting with low clearance height (below 0.2?m), both hourly RT and VF approaches are able to model long‐term cumulative irradiance received by decisive solar cells with a very high accuracy ranging from <mat:math display="inline" altimg="urn:x-wiley:pip:media:pip3261:pip3261-math-0003" wiley:location="equation/pip3261-math-0003.png"> <mat:mo>±</mat:mo> </mat:math> ?0.5% to <mat:math display="inline" altimg="urn:x-wiley:pip:media:pip3261:pip3261-math-0004" wiley:location="equation/pip3261-math-0004.png"> <mat:mo>±</mat:mo> </mat:math> ?2%. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“EN”XML：ID =“PIP3261-ABS-0001”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> > 双翼光伏（PV）系统可靠能源收益预测的先决条件之一是以高精度建模这些系统的后侧辐照度。目前，用于量化双层太阳能电池板背面的反射辐照度的最重要的光学模型是视图因子和射线跟踪。 Mobidig仿真工具已在ISC Konstanz开发，使用视图因子（VF）概念来模拟后辐照度。除了VF概念之外，还采用了光线跟踪（RT）来确定双因素模块的背面辐照度，通过使用国家可再生能源实验室（NRER）开发的开源工具Bifacial_Radiance。已经建立了一种定制的单晶硅太阳能电池板，以便通过局部解析的后辐照度测量来评估现有光学模型的准确性。在阳光明媚和阴天的日子期间，沿着定制的光伏模块的行进行了对后辐射的性能，典型的背部辐照度值 <mat：数学显示=“内联”Altimg =“URN：X-Wiley：PIP：媒体：PIP3261：PIP3261-Math-0001”Wiley：Location =“等式/ PIP3261-Math-0001.png”> <MAT：MO>≈</ MAT：MO> </ mat：math> ？50和 <mat：数学显示=“内联”Altimg =“URN：X-Wiley：PIP：媒体：PIP3261：PIP3261-Math-0002”Wiley：Location =“等式/ PIP3261-Math-Math-0002.png”> <MAT：MO>≈</ MAT：MO> <mat：150 </ mat：Mn> <mat：mspace width =“1em”/> <mat：mi mathvariant =“正常”> w </ mat：mi> <MAT：MO弹力=“假”> / </ MAT：MO> <mat：msup> <MAT：MROW> <mat：mi mathvariant =“正常”> m </ mat：mi> </ mat：MROW> <MAT：MROW> <MAT：MN> 2 </ MAT：MN> </ mat：MROW> </ mat：msup> </ mat：math> 。测量和建模数据的比较已经在每小时，每日和每月进行，结果显示了位于光伏模块中心的太阳能电池的偏差比在边缘上。此外，已经引入并施加了决定性太阳能电池的概念并应用于测量和建模的数据，发现位于中心行中的太阳能电池作为最果断的太阳能电池。最后，考虑到这里研究的安装配置，即具有低间隙高度（低于0.2Ωm）的双面安装，每小时RT和VF方法都能够模拟由决定性太阳能电池接收的长期累积辐照度，具有非常高的精度测距从 <mat：数学显示=“内联”Altimg =“URN：X-Wiley：PIP：媒体：PIP3261：PIP3261-MATH-0003”WIley：Location =“等式/ PIP3261-MATH-MATH-0003.PNG”> <MAT：MO>±</ MAT：MO> </ mat：math> ？0.5％至 <mat：数学显示=“内联”Altimg =“URN：X-Wiley：PIP：媒体：PIP3261：PIP3261-MATH-0004”WIley：Location =“等式/ PIP3261-MATH-MATH-0004.PNG”> <MAT：MO>±</ MAT：MO> </ mat：math> ？2％。 </ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-29870/'>《Progress in photovoltaics》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2020年第6期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共12页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/7667.html" title="通信系统（传输系统）">通信系统（传输系统）;</a><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1790.html" title="光电子技术、激光技术">光电子技术、激光技术;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=albedo&option=203" rel="nofollow">albedo;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=bifacial modules&option=203" rel="nofollow">bifacial modules;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=modeling&option=203" rel="nofollow">modeling;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=prediction&option=203" rel="nofollow">prediction;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=PV systems&option=203" rel="nofollow">PV systems;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=simulation&option=203" rel="nofollow">simulation;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=ray tracing&option=203" rel="nofollow">ray tracing;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=view factor&option=203" rel="nofollow">view factor;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：Albedo;双翼模块;建模;预测;光伏系统;模拟;射线跟踪;查看因素; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704024604759.html">A comparison of ray tracing and view factor simulations of locally resolved rear irradiance with the experimental values</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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resolved sketch of surface to be examined with multiple measured values, where sketch represents certain physical properties that are characterized by measured values</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  DE102007014475A1 </span> <span> . 2008-09-25</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：确定表面特性的方法，涉及使用多个测量值评估要检查的表面的局部解析草图，其中草图表示通过测量值表征的某些物理特性 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130429264617.html">Product constant and variable factors determining method for retail industry, involves producing correlation of adjustment of base and basic values, and comparing actual base values and initial base value and representing comparison result</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  DE102007057174A1 </span> <span> . 2009-05-28</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: 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