Induced Mutations in Urdbean (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) Employing Physical and Chemical Mutagens

摘要

A wide range of morphological mutations affecting almost all the parts of the plant and seed characteristics were isolated in M-2 generation of a popularly grown cultivar of urdbean, TAU-1, treated with three well known mutagens, ethyl Methane sulphonate (EMS), methyl methane sulphonate and gamma rays (GR). Seeds of this cultivar were treated with three doses of EMS (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 M), MMS (0.0025, 0.05 and 0.01 M) and gamma rays (30, 40 and 50 KR). The mutagen administered seeds were sown in experimental fields to raise M-1 progeny. Seeds of M-1 plants and control were harvested separately and sown to raise M-2 population. The M-2 propeny were screened for viable mutations. In all seventeen different types of viable morphological mutations were observed. These included seven types of plant type mutations (sterile, tall,dwarf, viney, spreading, early, high yielding) and three types of leaf mutations (narrow elogated, thick leathery and curly leaf mutations), six types of pod (long pod, short pod, hariy pod, narrow elongated pod, flat pod and large pod) and one type of seed (bold seed) mutations. Results indicated that all mutagenic treatments were effective in inducing mutations in urdbean, during M-2 generation. The spectrum and frequency of mutations varied with the type of mutagen. Some mutation types occurred more frequently than others. The frequency and spectrum of viable mutations were relatively high with gamma radiation followed by EMS and MMS.