Finite-size scaling and universality at nonequilibrium phase transitions

摘要

The applicability of the concepts of finite-size scaling (FSS) and universality to nonequilibrium phase transitions is considered within the framework of a one-dimensional fully asymmetric simple exclusion process (FASEP) with open boundaries. Analytic FSS expressions are derived for the current near the continuous-phase transition, and for the local density near the first-order transition under continuous-time and discrete-time stochastic dynamics, in order to establish the existence of universal functions. The finite-size behavior of the Lee-Yang zeros of the normalization factor for steady-state probabilities is studied numerically. Agreement with the FSS-predicted finite-size shift of the pseudocritical temperature is observed.