LODGING IN CORN VARIES WITH TILLAGE AND CROP ROTATION: A CASE STUDY AFTER TYPHOON BOLAVEN PUMMELING OVER THE BLACK SOIL ZEON IN NORTHEAST CHINA

摘要

Corn lodging can damage corn growth and reduce corn yield, and the degrees of corn yield loss could vary with corn species, soil conditions, agronomic practices as well as the degrees of external forces from strong wind or heavy rain. In August, 2012, Jilin province, China suffered from Typhoon Bolaven and large areas of corn lodged. However, in some no-tillage (NT) fields of this area corn lodging is much less serious than in other fields. We assumed that NT led to less serious lodging. We conducted this study on a long-term tillage trial which was seriously hit by Typhoon Bolaven. The experiment consists of NT, moldboard plow (MP), ridge tillage (RT) with continuous corn (CC), corn-soybean (CS), and corn-corn-soybean (CCS)rotations. The most serious lodging occurred in MP-CC treatment, followed by NT-CCS, NT-CC, NT-CS, MP-CS, and RT-CS. The lower incidence of lodging occurred in CS rotation. Soil bulk density and penetration resistance were not major factors affecting corn lodging except for MP-CC plot where root lodging occurred. The ratio of 2012 to average of 2007-2011 corn yield took the order of MP-CC < NT-CCS < MP-CS approximate to NT-CS < NT-CC < RT-CS approximate to MP-CCS. It suggested that RT has more advantages than NT and MP in preventing yield loss from strong wind and heavy rain. Moreover, adoption of RT combined with CS rotation could be taken into consideration preferentially for lower lodging and higher yield in Black soils in Northeast China.