Nutrition and cardiovascular disease prevention in children and adolescents Part 1: diet related cardiovascular disease risk factors

摘要

Nutrition is important in cardiovascular disease prevention in children and adolescents. Part 1 briefly reviews diet related cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors that are often present in childhood and adolescence. These include high levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)s in blood, hypertension, a family history of premature heart disease, and cigarette smoking Serum lipid levels, blood pressure and body weight can be altered by dietary means. Standards for screening and assessment are now available from expert groups, and these are discussed. Part 2 discusses nutritional measures that are recommended by expert groups to reduce diet-related CVD risks in children and adolescents.