Hydrothermal alteration, fluid inclusions and stable isotope characteristics of the Shaquanzi Fe-Cu deposit, Eastern Tianshan: Implications for deposit type and metallogenesis

摘要

The Shaquanzi Fe-Cu deposit is an important Fe (-Cu) deposit in the Yamansu Fe mineralization belt, Eastern Tianshan. Five-stage (Stage I to V) hydrothermal alteration/mineralization have been recognized: The early skarn (Stage I) and late skarn (Stage II) stages are featured by extensive garnet and amphibole alteration, respectively. Magnetite mineralization stage (Stage III) is associated with pervasive K + Fe +/- Ca alteration, forming magnetite, mushketovite, K-feldspar, epidote, magnetite, pyrite and quartz. Chalcopyrite mineralization stage (Stage IV) has an ore mineral assemblage of chalcopyrite, bornite, acicular hematite and sphalerite, accompanied with broad epidote + chlorite + calcite alteration. The late veins stage (Stage V) occurs mainly as epidote + calcite veins crosscutting the host rocks and earlier-stage minerals.