Forms and Pathways of Migration and Transformation of Hazardous Chemicals in the Environment

摘要

The forms of existence, pathways of migration, and mechanisms of transformation of polychlorinated organic compounds (POCs) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the aqueous medium are analyzed. For 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, as an example, a free-radical mechanism of the formation of polychlorinated dibenzofurans and dibenzodioxins during the direct photolysis of POCs has been established. For benzo[a]pyrene, as an example, the role of OH radicals in the oxidation of PAHs sorbed on organomineral sorbents by singlet oxygen has been revealed. The role of monosulfide complexes of Fe(II) and 1 : 1 monothiolate complexes of Cu(I) in the formation of a quasi-reducing state of the natural aquatic environment, toxic for aerobic organisms with intensive water exchange, has been elucidated, a state in which copper ions become biologically inaccessible.