Stratigraphic Horizons and Problems of Evolution of Biotic Communities of Marine Ecosystems within Geomerida and the Biosphere

摘要

The replacement of the paleocommunities in the stratigraphic horizons and complex zones of the regional Phanerozoic sections reflects certain stages of the evolution of the organic world in separate ecosystems of Geomerida and the Biosphere as a whole. Two concepts of the development of biota in the ecosystems (continuance and structuralism) are considered. The importance of studying the replaceability of not only separate species, but also of the biocommunity as a whole in geologic time is emphasized.