The in situ treatment of synthetic musk fragrances in groundwater

McGregor Rick; Carey Grant

摘要

Abstract >Synthetic musk fragrances (SMFs) have been shown to be micropollutants in various aquatic and groundwater systems, often occurring at microgram per liter concentrations. Studies have shown that the most commonly detected SMFs in water are nitro musks and polycyclic musks. The SMFs are typically introduced into the environment in continuous streams such as from wastewater and land application of wastewater or sludge generated during wastewater treatment. Various studies for the treatment of SMFs have been undertaken for wastewater but studies for the treatment of SMFs in groundwater are limited, especially for in situ treatment. A pilot‐scale test was conducted to determine if the use of colloidal activated carbon (CAC) could effectively reduce dissolved concentrations of nitro and polycyclic synthetic musk compounds including musk xylene, musk ketone, galaxolide, and tonalide. The pilot test was carried out downgradient of a septic system in Central Canada where a series of nitrification and denitrification reactions are occurring in an unconfined aquifer. A 10‐weight percent CAC solution was injected into a series of temporary direct push injection points to target the synthetic musk plume. The plume contained galaxolide and tonalide concentrations up to 687 and 187?nanograms per liter (ng/L), respectively, while the concentrations of musk ketone and musk xylene were below the method detection limit (20?ng/L). A total of 13,950?liters of CAC solution was injected during one injection event. The pilot test results indicated that the CAC was effectively delivered to the target injection zone resulting in an increase in total organic carbon concentrations within the saturated soil greater than two orders of magnitude compared to the background concentrations. Analyses of the groundwater chemistry before and post‐injection indicated that the CAC had no detrimental impact on the groundwater quality while reducing the concentration of dissolved galaxolide and tonalide within the plume to below the method detection limits within 51 days of injection with the exception of two of the 14 wells monitored which had galaxolide and tonalide concentrations up to 78?and 35?ng/L. Within 6 months of application, the concentrations of galaxolide and tonalide had decreased to below the method detection limits. Subsequent monitoring of the groundwater quality over a one‐year period failed to detect galaxolide and tonalide, suggesting that the CAC was effective in attenuating the galaxolide and tonalide. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> >合成麝香香料（SMF）已被证明是各种水生和地下水系统中的微污染物，通常在每升微克浓度下发生。研究表明，最常见的水中的SMF在水中是硝基麝香和多环麝香。通常在连续流中引入环境中的环境，例如废水和废水处理中产生的废水或污泥的土地应用。为废水进行了各种治疗SMF的研究，但研究地下水中SMFS的研究是有限的，特别是对于原位治疗。进行了试验规模试验以确定使用胶体活性炭（CAC）是否可以有效地减少硝基和多环合成麝香化合物的溶解浓度，包括麝香二甲苯，麝香酮，半球化物和Tonalide。试验试验在加拿大中部进行了化粪池系统的下降，其中一系列硝化和反硝化反应是在不合适的含水层中发生的。将10重量％的CAC溶液注入一系列临时直接推注点以靶向合成麝香羽毛。羽毛分别含有Galaxolide和Tonalide浓度，分别为687和187Ω·纳米（Ng / L），而麝香酮和麝香二甲苯的浓度低于方法检测限（20≤ng/l）。在一次注射事件期间，共注射了13,950升的CAC溶液。试验试验结果表明CAC有效地递送到靶注射区，导致饱和土壤中总有机碳浓度的总有机碳浓度增加，与背景浓度相比，饱和土壤的总有机碳浓度大。地下水化学的分析结果表明，CAC对地下水质量没有不利影响，同时降低羽毛内的溶解半球化物和单调的浓度，在注射的51天内的方法检测限额，除了两个监测的14个孔中，其具有Galaxolide和Tonalide浓度，最高可达78Ω·Δ和35μg/ L.在施用6个月内，Galaxolide和Tonalide的浓度降低至低于方法检测限。随后在一年期间监测地下水质量未能检测到Galaxolide和Tonalide，表明CAC有效地衰减了Galaxolide和Tonalide。</ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-26867/'>《Remediation: The Journal of Environmental Cleanup Costs, Technologies & Techniques》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2019年第3期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共11页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=McGregor Rick&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">McGregor Rick;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Carey Grant&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Carey Grant;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>InSitu Remediation Services LtdSt. George Ontario Canada;</p> <p>Porewater SolutionsOttawa Ontario Canada;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1986.html" title="一般性问题">一般性问题;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704024044449.html">The in situ treatment of synthetic musk fragrances in groundwater</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=McGregor Rick&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">McGregor Rick,</a> <a 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