Antibacterial and In Vitro Growth Inhibition Study of Struvite Urinary Stones Using Oxalis corniculata Linn. Leaf Extract and its Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles | Bentham Science

摘要

Background: Herbal drugs are gaining exponential scientific recognition due to their distinctadvantages. In the last 2-3 decades, a gradual increase in worldwide patents on herbal nanoformulationshas been noted to address the solubility and bioavailability issues of phytoceuticals.Struvite or ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate (NH4MgPO4.6H2O) is among the importanturinary infection stones causing painful urological ailment. These smaller stones may bind together toform bigger staghorn calculus. Urinary tract infections caused by some gram positive and gram negativebacteria further enhance the chance of formation of such stones. Oxalis corniculata Linn. is anedible plant, traditionally used in the treatment of bacterial infections and kidney stones. However,there is no scientific evidence to relate the use of O. corniculata against struvite kidney stones. Hence,the antibacterial and struvite stones inhibition activity of the aqueous extract of Oxalis corniculataLinn. leaves and its biofabricated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was studied.Methods: The aqueous extract of O. corniculata was prepared by Soxhlet extraction. AgNPs weresynthesized using green technique and were characterized using UV and IR spectroscopy, XRD,TEM, DLS and zeta potential studies. Antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract and the silver nanoparticleswas tested against E. coli (gram negative) and S. aureus (gram positive) species. Struvitestones were grown in a gel medium by in vitro single diffusion gel growth technique and its inhibitionstudy was carried out using the extract and its biofabricated nanoparticles.Results: The aqueous extract and its biofabricated AgNPs exhibited potent antibacterial activityagainst both gram positive and gram negative strains of bacteria. The aqueous extract also effectivelyrepressed the growth of struvite stones and led to the dissolution of stones, but the inhibitory effectwas further enhanced by its biofabricated AgNPs.Conclusion: The present work confirms the inhibitory activity of the aqueous extract of edible O.corniculata and its biofabricated silver nanoparticles against urinary tract infection (UTI) causing bacteriaand urolithiasis. Therefore, the consumption of O. corniculata in our daily diet may reduce therisk of UTI and urolithiasis.