Surgery Illustrated Surgical atlas: Two-stage hypospadias repair with inner preputial layer Wolfe graft (Aivar Bracka repair)

摘要

As is well known, >300 methods and modifications have been described for the repair of hypospadias and none of those is universally accepted. Modern hypospadias operations are mostly single-stage procedures whenever possible, with the goal of creating a penis with normal appearance and function. Nevertheless, for selected indications, many still regard Bracka's two-stage procedure, (introduced in the mid-1980s and first published in 1995), as the hypospadias repair of choice. It is appropriate in proximal primary cases with severe chordee and an inadequate urethral plate, or distal cases with a conical glans configuration, and also for many re-operative cases.