INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: GARDEN DESIGNS BY EDWIN LUTYENS (1869-1944) AND JEAN-CLAUDE NICOLAS FORESTIER (1861-1930) FOR EL GUADALPERAL, SPAIN

摘要

Along with his country houses in Britain, Edwin Lutyens had an increasing number of commissions abroad that allowed him to test his design principles against different programmes, scales, and cultural and geographical settings. During the Great War (1914-18), Lutyens found in these foreign commissions a much-needed income source when work at home was not abundant. It was at that time that he got his first commissions for neutral Spain - when anglophile aristocrats asked him to design their residences. The Duke of Penaranda’s palace at El Guadalperal, in the south-west of the country, was his most ambitious scheme, involving a residence, its gardens and a series of outbuildings to provide facilities for the estate and housing for its workers. Duringa construction process that stretched over twenty years, another designer, the Frenchman Jean-Claude Nicolas Forestier, was also asked to lay out a garden for an existing house, which Lutyens had refurbished for the duke to live in while his palace wasbeing built. This paper focuses on the garden designs by both Lutyens and Forestier at El Guadalperal, analysing their different approaches to both local conditions and Spanish traditions.