GREENING THE CITY OF LISBON UNDER THE FRENCH INFLUENCE OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

摘要

Focusing on Lisbon's city council department of gardens and green grounds in the second half of the nineteenth century, this paper sheds light on the rationale and influences that lie behind the greening of the city. Under the liberal agenda and foreseeing the modernization of the city up to international standards, planting tree-lined avenues and constructing public gardens were carried out in parallel with the sewage, drainage and electrical works. Stemming from the reconstruction of, and discussion about, the specialized library of the department of gardens and green grounds, in which the majority of the books were French, this paper demonstrates how the Parisian renewal undertaken by Georges-Eugene Haussmann and Jean-Charles Alphand and the French picturesque style influenced the Lisboans' Liberty Avenue, Liberty Park and Campo Grande. In addition to the French architects, engineers and gardeners working in Lisbon at the time, this paper enhances the role of a specialized library on the art ofgardens in which members of the city council could find models, horticultural knowledge and inspiration not only to guide the creation and maintenance of parks but also to influence their tastes and choices.