Domestic and industrial waste as the basis for formation of compound compost

摘要

Domestic, industrial and agricultural wastes (solid, liquid, gaseous) that get into the natural environment are actively consumed by living organisms with water, air and food, move through food chains and accumulate in organisms of animals and humans.Among the stabilization activities and measures to improve ecological situation in areas of such enterprises there is the monitoring system and use of waste to create a compound compost. The objective of this research is to assess the environmental status and prospects of development of compound compost, which is a new trend in practical ecology and agriculture. Complex compost combines up to 10 or more waste types, including macro - and micro-nutrients that are based on the combination of organic (cattle manure, poultry manure, etc.), household, mineral (phosphogypsum, waste from the processing of potash fertilizer, etc.) and natural waste (leaves, fruits, fallen flowers, etc.). For the first time in the region this research studies the impact of waste on the ecological condition of agricultural landscape systems - soil, water, biota, air space. Comprehensive long-term studies of enterprises indicated their influence on fundamental components within a radius of 5 km; in the direction of prevailing winds -up to 7.5 km; agricultural companies - up to 4-4.5 km; prevailing winds - up to 6 km. Industrial impact on agricultural landscapes can be as direct (pollution of soil, sediments and vegetation by oil, heavy metals), as indirect (degradation of soilof communities of living organisms, etc.). Industrial production contributes to contamination of soils, water systems and vegetation with heavy metals and oil.