Elevated atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide reduce monarch tolerance and increase parasite virulence by altering the medicinal properties of milkweeds

Decker Leslie E.; Roode Jacobus C.; Hunter Mark D.; Ebert Dieter

摘要

Abstract > Hosts combat their parasites using mechanisms of resistance and tolerance, which together determine parasite virulence. Environmental factors, including diet, mediate the impact of parasites on hosts, with diet providing nutritional and medicinal properties. Here, we present the first evidence that ongoing environmental change decreases host tolerance and increases parasite virulence through a loss of dietary medicinal quality. Monarch butterflies use dietary toxins (cardenolides) to reduce the deleterious impacts of a protozoan parasite. We fed monarch larvae foliage from four milkweed species grown under either elevated or ambient <fc>CO</fc> <sub>2</sub> , and measured changes in resistance, tolerance, and virulence. The most high‐cardenolide milkweed species lost its medicinal properties under elevated <fc>CO</fc> <sub>2</sub> ; monarch tolerance to infection decreased, and parasite virulence increased. Declines in medicinal quality were associated with declines in foliar concentrations of lipophilic cardenolides. Our results emphasize that global environmental change may influence parasite–host interactions through changes in the medicinal properties of plants. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：ID =“Ele13101-Abs-0001”XML：Lang =“En”> <Title Type =“main”>抽象</ title> >主机使用阻力机制对其寄生虫进行打击和耐受性，共同确定寄生虫毒力。环境因素，包括饮食，介绍寄生虫对宿主的影响，提供营养和药用特性。在这里，我们提出了第一种证据，即持续的环境变化降低了宿主耐受性，通过饮食药物损失增加寄生虫毒力。帝王蝶用膳食毒素（心肺剂）来减少原生动物寄生虫的有害影响。从升高或环境<FC> CO-</ sub> <sub> 2 </ sub>的四种乳草种类中喂养Monarch幼虫叶子，并测量抗性，耐受性和毒力的变化。最高载体含奶乳草种物种在升高的<Fc> CO </ Fc> <sub> 2 </ sub>下失去了药用性能;帝师对感染的耐受降低，并且寄生虫毒力增加。药物质量下降与裂缝浓度的亲脂性心肺病的下降有关。我们的结果强调全球环境变化可能会通过植物药用特性的变化影响寄生虫 - 宿主相互作用。 </ p> </ abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-22290/'>《Ecology letters》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第9期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共11页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Decker Leslie E.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Decker Leslie E.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Roode Jacobus C.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Roode Jacobus C.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Hunter Mark D.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Hunter Mark D.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Ebert Dieter&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Ebert Dieter;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyBiological Sciences Building1105 North University Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109‐1085 USA;</p> <p>Biology DepartmentEmory University1510 Clifton Road Atlanta GA 30322 USA;</p> <p>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyBiological Sciences Building1105 North University Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109‐1085 USA;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/173.html" title="普通生物学">普通生物学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Anthropogenic&option=203" rel="nofollow">Anthropogenic;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Asclepias&option=203" rel="nofollow">Asclepias;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=cardenolides&option=203" rel="nofollow">cardenolides;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Danaus plexippus&option=203" rel="nofollow">Danaus plexippus;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=global environmental change&option=203" rel="nofollow">global environmental change;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=host–parasite interactions&option=203" rel="nofollow">host–parasite interactions;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=monarch butterfly&option=203" rel="nofollow">monarch butterfly;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Ophryocystis elektroscirrha&option=203" rel="nofollow">Ophryocystis elektroscirrha;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：人类学;蛔虫病;心肺剂;达兰乌斯宝洁化;全球环境变化;寄生寄生虫相互作用;帝王蝶;Ophryocystis elektroscirha; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon" id="literaturereference" style="display:none"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent111">引文网络</h3> <div class="referencetab clearfix"> <ul id="referencedaohang"> <li dataid="referenceul">参考文献</li> <li dataid="citationul">引证文献</li> <li dataid="commonreferenceul">共引文献</li> <li dataid="commoncitationul">同被引文献</li> <li dataid="tworeferenceul">二级参考文献</li> <li dataid="twocitationul">二级引证文献</li> </ul> </div> <div class="reference_details" id="referenceList"> <ul id="referenceul"></ul> <ul id="citationul"></ul> <ul id="commonreferenceul"></ul> <ul id="commoncitationul"></ul> <ul id="tworeferenceul"></ul> <ul id="twocitationul"></ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704023135044.html">Elevated atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide reduce monarch tolerance and increase parasite virulence by altering the medicinal properties of milkweeds</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Decker Leslie E.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Decker Leslie E.,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Roode Jacobus C.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Roode Jacobus C.,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Hunter Mark D.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Hunter Mark D.,</a> <a href="/journal-foreign-22290/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor">Ecology letters .</a> <span>2018</span><span>,第9期</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：升高的大气浓度的二氧化碳减少了君主耐受性，并通过改变乳草的药物性能来增加寄生虫毒力</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-foreign_oecology_thesis/020419782060.html">Elevated carbon dioxide concentrations indirectly affect plant fitness by altering plant tolerance to herbivory</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Jennifer A. 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