The palaeopathology of the Ohalo 2 Upper Paleolithic human remains: A reassessment of its appendicular robusticity, humeral asymmetry, shoulder degenerations, and costal lesion

Trinkaus E.

摘要

Abstract > The 23,000 <sc>BP</sc> Ohalo 2 human remains, from the Upper Paleolithic of south‐west Asia, have been described by Hershkovitz and colleagues as very robust but especially as pathological with respect to its level of humeral asymmetry and its large anteroinferior costal bony growth. Reassessment of its appendicular robusticity, in the context of western Eurasian and North African Upper Paleolithic human remains, indicates that the Ohalo 2 limb remains are unexceptional in terms of muscular enthesis development, diaphyseal cross‐sectional shape, and major long bone diaphyseal hypertrophy. If anything, the muscular insertions and the humeral diaphyseal robusticity are modest for an Upper Paleolithic human. Similarly, the level of humeral asymmetry, as well as humeral versus radial diaphyseal asymmetry, is well within Upper Paleolithic ranges of variation. None of these aspects require palaeopathological explanations. The minor osteoarthritic changes of the right clavicle and scapula are common and of little importance. However, the massive lower thoracic ossification of the caudal sternum, ribs 6 and 7 and the intervening costal cartilages, has implications beyond the differential diagnosis of Hershkovitz and colleagues. It indicates constraints on thoracic expansion and hence on elevated respiration; as such, it would have placed limitations on the activity levels of this Upper Paleolithic forager. Ohalo 2 therefore joins a growing sample of Upper Paleolithic humans with serious developmental or degenerative abnormalities. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract XMLNS =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> > 23,000. <sc> bp </ sc> Hershkovitz和同事们从西南亚的上古石英中留下了非常强大，但特别是对其肱骨不对称水平及其大型支架肋骨骨骨骨骨骨骨骨骨骨骨骨骼的遗留而言，从西南亚的古代古石和同事们仍然是非常强大的在欧亚西部和北非古石英中遗骸中，重新评估其阑尾强大的粗体性，表明ohalo 2肢体在肌肉镇痛发育，透析性横截面形状和主要的长骨性透析性肥大方面是不可诠释的。如果有的话，肌肉插入和肱骨透析性鲁棒性是适度的，对于上部古石二轮运动是适度的。类似地，肱骨不对称水平以及肱骨与桡骨透析性不对称，在上古轮廓的变化范围内。这些方面都不需要古食病理解释。右锁骨和肩胛骨的次要骨关节炎变化是常见的，并且不重要。然而，尾部胸骨，肋骨6和7的巨大胸部骨化和干预肋骨软骨，具有超越Hershkovitz和同事的差异诊断。它表明对胸部扩张的限制，因此呼吸升高;因此，它将对该旧石器时代福图的活动水平进行限制。因此，OHALO 2与严重发育或退行性异常的上古二刻的人类的生长样本加入。 </ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-21570/'>《International journal of osteoarchaeology》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第2期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共10页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Trinkaus E.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Trinkaus E.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Department of AnthropologyWashington UniversitySaint Louis MO 63130 USA;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/140.html" title="文物考古">文物考古;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=femur&option=203" rel="nofollow">femur;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=humerus&option=203" rel="nofollow">humerus;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=pathology&option=203" rel="nofollow">pathology;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=robusticity&option=203" rel="nofollow">robusticity;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=sternum&option=203" rel="nofollow">sternum;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=tibia&option=203" rel="nofollow">tibia;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Upper Paleolithic&option=203" rel="nofollow">Upper Paleolithic;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：股骨;肱骨;病理学;鲁棒性;胸骨;胫骨;上古二思性; 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