Improved space-heating radiator model: Focus on set-back operation, radiator over-dimensioning, and add-on fans

摘要

This study investigates the effects on the radiator characteristic and/or the radiator operational behaviour by the set-back operation via the thermostatic radiator valves, over-dimensioning of the radiator units, and the radiator add-on fans. Accordingly, a new integrated steady-state radiator model was proposed with consideration directed to the characteristic shifts by these radiator matters in question, as simple and accurate as the conventional radiator models.