In vitro multiple shoot and gymnemic acid production in Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br. Ex. Sm

摘要

Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br. Ex Sm. is a vulnerable, slow growing, perennial, woody climber belonging to family Apocynaceae, commonly used in indigenous system of medicine to control diabetes mellitus. Optimized 6 benzyl amino purine (BAP) and Kinetin (KIN) concentration (4.44 + 2.32 mu M) was supplemented with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) concentrations (0.54, 2.69, 5.37 mu M) for enhancing multiple shoot production. Maximum multiple shoots (11.18/culture) were obtained on BAP + KIN + NAA (4.44 + 2.32 + 2.69 mu M). Maximum percentage of shoots rooted (77.7%) was observed on half-strength Murashinge & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with indole 3 butyric acid (IBA) + indole 3 acetic acid (IAA) (4.92 + 5.70 mu M). The cultures were harvested every week upto eight weeks to assess biomass (FW, DW) and gymnemic acid content (mg/g DW). Highest biomass (FW 0.51 g, DW 0.139 g) was obtained on BAP + KIN + NAA (4.44 + 2.32 + 2.69 mu M). Maximum gymnemic acid content (mg/g, DW) was obtained for multiple shoots cultured on BAP + KIN + NAA (4.44 + 2.32 + 2.69 mu M) followed by BAP + KIN (4.44 + 2.32 mu M), BAP (4.44 mu M), KIN (2.32 mu M) and control i.e. 10.37, 9.36, 9.21, 9.03 and 6.86 mg/g (DW) respectively. Successful establishment of multiple shoots through nodal cultures and quantification of gymnemic acid from these multiple shoots for 8 weeks has been carried out. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on gymnemic acid production from multiple shoots cultures.