EFFECT OF BIOLOGICAL PRE-TREATMENT WITH THE SELECTIVE FUNGI ASPERGILLUS NIGER AND PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM NCIM 1197 ON ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF ARECA NUT (ARECA CATECHU L.) HUSK FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION BY YEASTS AND ZYMOMONAS MOBILIS NCIM 291!

摘要

Pretreatment is a crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars and biofuels. Compared to thermal/chemical pretreatment, fungal pretreatment reduces the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass by lignin-degrading microorganisms and thus potentially provides an environment-friendly and energy-efficient pretreatment technology for biofuel production. This paper provides an overview of the current state of fungal pretreatment by cellulolytic fungi for biofuel production. It increases the enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol production through combinations of fungal pretreatment. Pichia stipitis NCJM 3498 showed maximum ethanol production after fermentation from areca nut husk, followed by Zymomonas mobilis NCIM 2915, Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCIM 3095 and Candida shehatae NCIM 3500. Hence, fungal pretreatment by cellulolytic fungi was more effective for ethanol production. Areca nut husk was revealed as a suitable substrate for ethanol production.