Lyme Neuroborreliosis is a Severe and Frequent Neurological Disease in Mexico

摘要

ObjectiveTo describe clinical cases with neurological manifestations associated withBorrelia burgdorferiinfection in a large cohort of children and adults from Mexico. Material and MethodsPatients with neurological manifestation (cranial neuritis, radiculoneuritis, meningitis and encephalomyelitis) were recruited in one pediatric and two general hospitals, during January 2006–December 2015. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were drawn from each patient at inclusion. IgM and IgG antibodies againstB. burgdorferiwere detected using a commercial ELISA test, and confirmed by Western-Blot test (WB) using three different antigens fromBorrelia burgdorfericomplex. Following CDC criteria were considered true cases with both positive tests. ResultsOf 606 patients recruited, 403 (66.5%) were adults and 203 (33.4%) children, 50.5% were male.B. burgdorferiinfection was diagnosed in 168 patients (27.7%), 97 adults, mean age 42?±?14.7?years and 71 children, mean age 9.6?±?5?years; early disseminated disease occurred in 130 cases (77.4 %) and chronic stage in 38 (22.6 %). A previous tick bite was reported by 21% cases, and 5% recalled an erythema migrans lesion. Polyradiculoneuropathy and encephalomyelitis were the most common manifestations, whereas 14.8% presented an initial Guillain-Barré Syndrome.B. burgdorferisensu stricto was identified in 142 (84%) cases,B. gariniiin 14 (8%),B. afzeliiin three, and nine cases presented coinfection with two species. ConclusionLyme neuroborreliosis is a frequent condition in patients with neurological diseases in Mexico.